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Shadda

 

  • A shadda sign that appears over a letter represents two of the same letter (double consonant), The first letter having sukoon and the second letter having its vowel.
  • A letter having shadda must be pronounced twice. A letter with shadda is called mushaddad
  •  Shadda does not appear at the beginning of a word, it is always written on top of the mushaddad letter, and the short vowel appears either on top or on the bottom of the shadda sign.

 

Examples from the quran

 Shadda with damma Shadda with kasra
 Shadda with fatha Letter (mushaddad)

 

 

Shadda with long vowel letters
 
 Shadda before wow  Shadda before yaa  Shadda before alif  Letter